How to spot a phishing email or text
A phishing email or text pretends to be a company or person you trust and pushes you to act fast: pay an invoice, confirm a delivery, unlock an account or open an attachment. Check the real sender address, hover over links before tapping, and never log in from a link in a message. Go to the company's app or type its address yourself, and report the message as phishing.
About 10 minutes to learnTake care: injury or damage if careless
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How to do it
- Pause whenever a message asks you to act quickly, pay, log in or open a file.
- Look at the full sender address, not just the display name, for misspellings and odd domains.
- Press and hold or hover over each link to see where it really goes before tapping.
- Check the greeting and the details: a real bank knows your name and never asks for your password.
- Open the company's app, or type its address yourself, to check whether anything is actually wrong.
- Report the message with the phishing or junk button, then delete it.
- Change the password at once and turn on two-step login if you already typed it on a linked page.
Stop and call a professional if
- You entered bank or card details on a linked page: call the bank's number from the back of your card straight away.
- You opened an attachment and the computer is acting strangely: disconnect it from the internet and have a trusted repair shop check it.
Common mistakes
- Trusting a message because it shows a real logo.
- Replying to ask if it is genuine, which confirms your address is live.
- Opening an unexpected invoice or shipping attachment.
Quick self-check
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Teach this to someone
A one-page sheet for showing a friend, a roommate or a kid: what to say, what to show, and one question to check it landed.
Teach: How to spot a phishing email or text
What to say
A phishing email or text pretends to be a company or person you trust and pushes you to act fast: pay an invoice, confirm a delivery, unlock an account or open an attachment. Check the real sender address, hover over links before tapping, and never log in from a link in a message. Go to the company's app or type its address yourself, and report the message as phishing.
What to show, in order
- Pause whenever a message asks you to act quickly, pay, log in or open a file.
- Look at the full sender address, not just the display name, for misspellings and odd domains.
- Press and hold or hover over each link to see where it really goes before tapping.
- Check the greeting and the details: a real bank knows your name and never asks for your password.
- Open the company's app, or type its address yourself, to check whether anything is actually wrong.
- Report the message with the phishing or junk button, then delete it.
- Change the password at once and turn on two-step login if you already typed it on a linked page.
When to stop and call a professional
- You entered bank or card details on a linked page: call the bank's number from the back of your card straight away.
- You opened an attachment and the computer is acting strangely: disconnect it from the internet and have a trusted repair shop check it.
The check question
Ask: A text says a package is held and links to a payment page. What should you do?
Related skills
- How to spot phone, text and invoice scams
- How to spot a tech support scam
- What to do if an account gets hacked
- Every skill in Tech and Digital Safety
Words on this page
Sources
- Federal consumer guidance on phishing and online fraud, 2026. Checked September 28, 2026.
Last reviewed . First published .